Fix LowCardinality Query Error Messages and Formatting Issues

Fix errors like Expected ColumnLowCardinality, gotUInt8 or Bad cast from type DB::ColumnVector<char8_t> to DB::ColumnLowCardinality for some queries with LowCardinality in PREWHERE. And more importantly, fix the lack of whitespace in the error message. Fixes #23515. #27298 (Nikolai Kochetov).