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ClickHouse: Fix HTTP Error Code Display in Exception Messages

When ClickHouse requests a remote HTTP server, and it returns an error, the numeric HTTP code was not displayed correctly in the exception message. Closes #43919. #43920 (Alexey Milovidov).
Fixed the incorrect display of numeric HTTP error codes in exception messages when ClickHouse requests a remote HTTP server and receives an error response.

Why it matters

This feature addresses the issue where numeric HTTP status codes returned by remote HTTP servers were not shown correctly in ClickHouse's exception messages. It improves error transparency and debugging by accurately reporting the HTTP error codes encountered during remote requests.

How to use it

No user action is required. The fix is applied automatically when upgrading to the version containing this update. Users will see the correct HTTP error codes in exceptions related to remote HTTP server requests.