Replaced Turbo-Base64 with aklomp-base64 for base64 encoding/decoding in ClickHouse

Replaced the library to handle (encode/decode) base64 values from Turbo-Base64 to aklomp-base64. Both are SIMD-accelerated on x86 and ARM but 1. the license of the latter (BSD-2) is more favorable for ClickHouse, Turbo64 switched in the meantime to GPL-3, 2. with more GitHub stars, aklomp-base64 seems more future-proof, 3. aklomp-base64 has a slightly nicer API (which is arguably subjective), and 4. aklomp-base64 does not require us to hack around bugs (like non-threadsafe initialization). Note: aklomp-base64 rejects unpadded base64 values whereas Turbo-Base64 decodes them on a best-effort basis. RFC-4648 leaves it open whether padding is mandatory or not, but depending on the context this may be a behavioral change to be aware of. #54119 (Mikhail Koviazin).